A comprehensive history that focuses on the crises of Spain in the late middle ages and the early transformations that underpinned the later successes of the Catholic Monarchs.


* Illuminates Spain’s history from the early fourteenth century to the union of the Crowns of Castile and Aragon in 1474
* Examines the challenges and reforms of the social, economic, political, and cultural structures of the country
* Looks at the early transformations that readied Spain for the future opportunities and challenges of the early modern Age of Discovery
* Includes a helpful bibliography to direct the reader toward further study

The Art of War is a military classic, written around 400 BC. However, because the maxims contained in the book are so succinct and universal, this is still a useful book for understanding and waging war today. The central themes are to attack where the enemy is weak, deceive the enemy into attacking you on your terms (not his), and the use of espionage to confuse the enemy while gathering information for your own use.